This A New Translation is a timeless reference for personal philosophy and practical insight. The book’s lessons continue to motivate readers to develop inner strength, wisdom, and perseverance in the face of life’s hardships.
The A New Translation is a compilation of the Roman emperor’s own personal observations, providing readers with a glimpse into his ideas on morals, ethics, and self-control.
“Everything we hear is an opinion, not a fact. Everything we see is a perspective, not the truth.”
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus was born in A.D. 121 to an upper-class Roman family and was later adopted by future Emperor Antoninus Pius, whom he succeeded in 161. His reign was distinguished by a successful battle against Parthia, but it was later overshadowed by plague, an unsuccessful insurrection in the eastern provinces, and the deaths of friends and relatives, including his co-emperor Lucius Verus. He was a philosophy student since childhood, and was particularly influenced by the first-century Stoic scholar Epictetus. His later renown is built on his Meditations, which he wrote in his senior years but never intended for formal publication. He died in 180, while fighting barbarian tribes in Rome’s north.
Translator Profile: Gregory Hays is a classics associate professor at the University of Virginia. He keeps an annotated bibliography of Fulgentius the Mythmaker’s works.
10 Lessons from the book Meditations by Marcus Aurelius
Stoicism and Inner Calm: Marcus Aurelius emphasizes the Stoic philosophy, advocating for inner calm and tranquility. He suggests that individuals can control their reactions to external events.
Acceptance of Nature and Fate: The book encourages acceptance of the world’s natural order and the inevitability of fate. By embracing the things we cannot change, we find peace.
Focus on the Present Moment: Marcus Aurelius stresses the importance of living in the present moment. Dwelling on the past or worrying about the future detracts from our ability to act effectively in the present.
Mindfulness and Self-Awareness: “Meditations” emphasizes self-awareness and mindfulness. Understanding our thoughts and motivations can lead to more purposeful and intentional lives.
The Impermanence of Life: The book reflects on the transient nature of life and the inevitability of change. Understanding impermanence allows for a more profound appreciation of the present.
Virtue as the Highest Good: Virtue is presented as the highest good in “Meditations.” Marcus Aurelius advocates for living a life guided by moral principles, irrespective of external circ*mstances.
Humility and the Common Humanity: The Emperor encourages humility by acknowledging our shared humanity. No one is exempt from the struggles of life, and understanding this fosters empathy and compassion.
Focus on What You Can Control: Marcus Aurelius emphasizes the significance of focusing on what we can control, such as our thoughts, actions, and attitudes, rather than what we cannot.
Rationality and Objectivity: The book encourages rational thinking and objectivity. By approaching challenges with a clear and rational mind, one can make better decisions and navigate life’s complexities more effectively.
The Art of Letting Go: “Meditations” teaches the art of letting go—releasing attachments to outcomes, material possessions, and the opinions of others. This detachment leads to greater freedom and peace of mind.
My Thoughts
Explore ‘A New Translation,’ a timeless reference offering profound insights into personal philosophy and practical wisdom. This compilation of the Roman emperor’s own observations guides readers through moral reflections, ethical principles, and the cultivation of self-control. Its lessons continue to inspire, urging individuals to develop inner strength, wisdom, and perseverance in navigating life’s challenges with resilience.
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This is the most popular modern translation of the Meditations. It's concise but very engaging and accessible, written in a style well-suited to lay readers. All translators have to choose between being more literal or being more readable.
I would normally recommend that most people begin by reading The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius. That's traditionally the most widely read book on Stoicism. The most readable modern translations is by Gregory Hayes, although the modern Robin Hard version is also excellent and provides a more literal translation.
Marcus stresses that social animals such as humans are meant to live in harmony. He likened his relation to bad people to them being different body parts of the same person. Good and bad people are both part of the same universal nature and they are meant to interact and cooperate.
Marcus Aurelius wrote the 12 books of the Meditations in Koine Greek as a source for his own guidance and self-improvement. It is possible that large portions of the work were written at Sirmium, where he spent much time planning military campaigns from 170 to 180.
There are a handful of references to specific individuals and events in the Meditations but for the most part it describes coping with life's challenges in such a general and mundane way that the wisdom comes across as timeless. We soon forget we're peering over Marcus' shoulder, reading his advice to himself.
Which do you like better as an introduction to Stoicism, "Seneca - letters from a stoic" or "Marcus Aurelius - Meditations"? Marcus Aurelius is the way to go--specifically the Gregory Hays translation. It is the clearest, most accessible and most practical of the philosophic texts.
Bill Clinton — The former president reads Marcus Aurelius's Meditations every year. You can read more in this New York Times story. Theodore Roosevelt — Theodore Roosevelt, one of history's most resilient leaders, brought Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius on his deadly “River of Doubt” expedition.
Learning to articulate your thoughts better and better. Human Nature — it is what it is. Marcus Aurelius reminds himself to accept people around him as they are, that human nature sometimes drives people to do evil things, selfish things.
At the time of his death, he was one of the most powerful people on earth. He could have had anything he wanted, and few, if any, would dare challenge him on anything. And yet he proved himself deserving of the power he held. Under Marcus Aurelius, the empire was guided by virtue and wisdom.
Aurelius also believed that people should focus on the present. He advises, “do not act as if you were going to live ten thousand years. Death hangs over you. While you live, while it is in your power, be good.” The future is something outside of our control, so we shouldn't worry about it.
The Roman public loved Marcus Aurelius, and he did his best to provide for his citizens through trying times, such as the Antonine Plague. His greatest accomplishment as Emperor was his ability to hold the Empire together through the Roman Empire's first true pandemic, the Parthian War, and the Germanic Wars.
Marcus Aurelius' life and educational background weaved him into a Stoic philosopher who simultaneously carried the responsibility of a Roman Emperor. He achieved the primary goal of Stoicism: building up self-control always to contain overbearing emotions.
This is the most popular modern translation of The Meditations. It's concise but very engaging and accessible, written in a style well-suited to lay readers.
Marcus Aurelius was the last of the Five Good Emperors of Rome. His reign (161–180 CE) marked the end of a period of internal tranquility and good government. After his death the empire quickly descended into civil war. He has symbolized the Golden Age of the Roman Empire for many generations in the West.
Stepping back from emotional and physical chaos to reach a state of calm, clear-headed thinking is the bedrock of Stoicism, a philosophy famously practiced by Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius.
The true beauty of “Meditations” lies in its ability to make us think, pause, and reflect on our lives. Slow reading is critical here. Take your time with each passage, ponder its meaning, and consider how it applies to your life. This reflective reading turns a simple activity into a transformative experience.
On the course of life itself, Marcus Aurelius reminds himself of the importance of living in the moment, but not clinging to any moment which has passed. Be not disturbed about the future, for if ever you come to it, you will have the same reason for your guide, which preserves you at present.
It's written in a straightforward and accessible style without any complex philosophical jargon. Unlike most books, there's no pretense, no performance, no intent to impress an audience. You would think it would be easy to read. Yet, many people struggle with and get frustrated by Marcus Aurelius' Meditations.
Our rough guess is there are 22000 words in this book. At a pace averaging 250 words per minute, this book will take 1 hours and 28 minutes to read. With a half hour per day, this will take 3 days to read.
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